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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Impact of Valves in a Biomechanical Heart Model Assisting Failing Hearts

Norbert W Guldner, MD, Peter Klapproth, DMSc, Petra RJ Margaritoff, DMSc, Ralf Noel, DMV, Hans H Sievers, MD, Martin Grossherr, MD

Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany

Prof. Dr. med. Norbert W Guldner, MD Tel: +49 451 500 2887 Fax: +49 451 500 6035 Email: guldner{at}uni-luebeck.de, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D- 233538 Luebeck, Germany.

ABSTRACT

Experimental valveless muscular blood pumps (biomechanical hearts) in goats can pump more than 1 L·min–1, but due to a high pendulum volume, no significant flow contribution to the circulation is gained. Thus valved and valveless biomechanical hearts were compared for efficacy. Heart failure was induced in 5 adult Bore goats by repeated intracoronary embolization. A valved and balloon-equipped pumping chamber was integrated into the descending aorta, simulating standard biomechanical circulatory support. The valveless biomechanical heart supported a failing heart with a baseline cardiac output of 2,670 ± 710 mL·min–1 by contributing additional flow of 113 ± 37 mL·min–1. The biomechanical heart model incorporating an outlet valve offered an additional 304 ± 126 mL·min–1, and the use of 2 valves significantly enhanced pulmonary blood flow by 1,235 ± 526 mL·min–1. The use of 2 valves in biomechanical hearts seems to be essential to achieve adequate circulatory support. Double-valved biomechanical hearts driven by an appropriate skeletal muscle ventricle may contribute to the therapy of heart failure.

Key Words: Heart-Assist Devices • Heart Failure • Heart Valves • Hemodynamics • Skeletal Muscle Ventricle

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2009; 17:592-597
© 2009 by SAGE Publications
DOI: 10.1177/0218492309349066




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