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Cristiano Spadaccio
Massimo Chello
Elvio Covino
Juan C Chachques
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REVIEW PAPER

Predifferentiated Adult Stem Cells and Matrices for Cardiac Cell Therapy

Cristiano Spadaccio, MD, Emmanuel Chachques, MS1, Massimo Chello, MD, Elvio Covino, MD, Juan C Chachques, MD, PhD2, Jorge Genovese, MD, PhD

Cardiovascular Surgery Department, University Campus BioMedico, Rome, Italy
1 Université Pierre et Marie Curie
2 Pompidou Hospital Paris, France

Jorge Genovese, MD, PhD Tel: +39 06.22541.1 Fax: +39 06.22541.456 Email: genoveseja{at}yahoo.com, Cardiovascular Surgery Specialists School, University Campus BioMedico of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy.

Stem cell therapy is a major field of research worldwide, with increasing clinical application, especially in cardiovascular pathology. However, the best stem cell source and type with optimal safety for functional engraftment remains unclear. An intermediate cardiac precommitted phenotype expressing some of the key proteins of a mature cardiomyocyte would permit better integration into the cardiac environment. The predifferentiated cells would receive signals from the environment, thus achieving gradual and complete differentiation. In cell transplantation, survival and engraftment within the environment of the ischemic myocardium represents a challenge for all types of cells, regardless of their state of differentiation. An alternative strategy is to embed cells in a 3-dimensional structure replicating the extracellular matrix, which is crucial for full tissue restoration and prevention of ventricular remodeling. The clinical translation of cell therapy requires avoidance of potentially harmful drugs and cytokines, and rapid off-the-shelf availability of cells. The combination of predifferentiated cells with a functionalized scaffold, locally releasing molecules tailored to promote in-situ completion of differentiation and improve homing, survival, and function, could be an exciting approach that might circumvent the potential undesired effects of growth factor administration and improve tissue restoration.

Key Words: Adult Stem Cells • Cell Transplantation • Heart Failure • Myocardial Infarction • Tissue Engineering

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2010; 18:79-87
© 2010 by SAGE Publications
DOI: 10.1177/0218492309355836


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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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